NASA probe to search for rare asteroids sharing Earth’s orbit

Washington, Dec 13 (IANS) While heading towards asteroid Bennu, NASA said its first mission to return a sample of an asteroid to the Earth will also search for elusive "Trojan" asteroids that share our home planet’s orbit.

In mid-February 2017, the OSIRIS-REx (Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and Security- Regolith Explorer) spacecraft will activate its onboard camera suite and commence a search for the elusive "Trojan" asteroids, NASA said.

The OSIRIS-REx spacecraft is currently on a seven-year journey to rendezvous with, study, and bring a sample of Bennu to the Earth.

This sample of a primitive asteroid will help scientists understand the formation of our solar system more than 4.5 billion years ago.

"The Earth-Trojan asteroid search provides a substantial advantage to the OSIRIS-REx mission," said OSIRIS-REx Principal Investigator Dante Lauretta of the University of Arizona, Tucson.

"Not only do we have the opportunity to discover new members of an asteroid class, but more importantly, we are practicing critical mission operations in advance of our arrival at Bennu, which ultimately reduces mission risk," Lauretta said.

Trojans are asteroids that are constant companions to planets in our solar system as they orbit the sun, remaining near a stable point 60 degree in front of or behind the planet.

Because they constantly lead or follow in the same orbit, they will never collide with their companion planet.

There are six planets in our solar system with known Trojan asteroids?Jupiter, Neptune, Mars, Venus, Uranus and, even Earth.

The Earth Trojan is elusive. To date, scientists have only discovered one Earth Trojan asteroid — 2010 TK7 — found by NASA’s NEOWISE project in 2010.

Between February 9 and 20, however, the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft will be positioned in an ideal spot to undertake a survey, NASA said.

Over 12 days, the OSIRIS-REx Earth-Trojan asteroid search will employ the spacecraft’s MapCam imager to methodically scan the space where Earth Trojans are expected to exist.

Many of these observations will closely resemble MapCam’s planned activities during its upcoming search for satellites of asteroid Bennu, so the Trojan asteroid search serves as an early rehearsal for the mission’s primary science operations, the US space agency noted.